The bulging phenomenon of lithium batteries is usually called “bulging” in the industry. The cause is mostly internal chemical reactions, which cause gas to accumulate inside the battery, eventually causing the battery to swell and deform. During the bulging process, the integrity of the battery is very likely to be destroyed, which may cause serious consequences such as battery leakage, fire, and even the risk of explosion. Therefore, the safe and proper handling of such bulging batteries is of great significance and importance, both in terms of preventing environmental pollution and avoiding personal injury.
Why do lithium batteries bulge?
The bulging of lithium polymer batteries is related to many factors such as the quality of lithium batteries, how to use them, and the environment they are in. We have summarized the following reasons:
Poor packaging: During the production process, air humidity enters the battery cell, causing the electrolyte to decompose and produce gas.
Excessive water content in the cell: During this process, once the water content exceeds the standard, the electrolyte will fail and produce gas.
Corrosion problem: When a lithium polymer battery cell corrodes, the aluminum layer will be consumed by chemical reactions, lose its water-isolating function, and then cause bloating.
Surface damage: Damage and puncture by external forces will cause moisture to enter the battery cell. In addition, the chemical properties of lithium materials are too active, which brings extremely high risks. When metallic lithium is exposed to the air, it will undergo a violent oxidation reaction with oxygen.
Impact effect: Aluminum materials are easy to deform. Even with a slight impact, the larger the battery cell, the larger the internal air pockets, and the easier it is to be damaged.
Short circuit: Contact between positive and negative electrodes will cause a short circuit, causing the lithium polymer battery cell to bulge or even smoke.
Internal short circuit: The battery isolation film shrinks, curls, and breaks, and burrs pierce the isolation film, which may cause internal short circuits and bulges.
Overcharge/over-discharge: If the polymer battery is overcharged or over-discharged, coupled with abnormal protection board, the battery cell will bulge severely.
How to deal with swollen lithium polymer batteries?
Isolation and safety measures: Isolation and safety measures are essential when handling swollen lithium polymer (LiPo) batteries. These batteries may cause serious harm due to their potential risk of leakage, fire or explosion.
Isolation measures: First, isolate the swollen batteries in a safe and controlled environment to minimize the risk of accidents. Always wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, to prevent direct contact with any leaking chemicals.
Safety measures: Make sure the area is well ventilated and free of any flammable materials or sources of fire. Any operation on swollen batteries should be performed with caution.
Transportation and storage: Extra care should be taken when transporting swollen lithium polymer batteries to avoid accidents during transportation. Use a fireproof container to hold the battery, which should be able to contain fire or leakage that may be generated by a damaged battery. Store the container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Operation precautions: Avoid storing multiple swollen batteries together, as this may increase the risk of accidents. Always handle and transport these batteries individually.
Recycling Programs: Using a dedicated battery recycling program or recycling facility that accepts damaged lithium batteries is a safe and responsible method of disposal. Many recycling centers have the expertise and resources to safely handle damaged batteries and prevent environmental contamination.
Recycling Centers: Find recycling centers that specialize in handling damaged or swollen lithium polymer batteries. These recycling centers are usually equipped with specialized equipment and processes to handle and dispose of damaged batteries in an environmentally friendly manner.
Guide to Self-Handling of LiPo Batteries
Puncture and Discharge: Handling swollen lithium polymer (LiPo) batteries can be a challenging task. However, there are some safe do-it-yourself (DIY) methods if you have the knowledge and are careful enough.
Puncture: Puncturing a battery is a risky method, but it can be used by those with the knowledge. When performing battery puncture operations, non-conductive tools should be used, and appropriate safety protection equipment should be worn to ensure that the operating environment is under strict control. The area of operation must be fireproof and completely isolated from any flammable materials to minimize risk and ensure safe and controlled operation.
Discharge: After puncture, discharge the battery slowly and safely to reduce the risk of fire or combustion. Submerge the battery in a bucket of salt water or sand to suppress any potential fire hazards.
Neutralize Chemicals: When handling damaged lithium polymer batteries, there may be leaking or exposed chemicals. Any electrolyte spills can be neutralized by carefully using baking soda or other alkaline substances. This will help neutralize the acidity of the electrolyte and reduce its potential harm.
Precautions: Always use extreme caution when handling any spilled chemicals. Wear appropriate protective equipment such as gloves and goggles to prevent direct contact.
Container Handling: Once the battery is discharged and neutralized, place it in a fireproof container. A metal container with a tight-fitting lid can help contain fire or leaks that may occur during storage or transportation.
Transportation: Make sure the container is stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight or heat. If possible, transport the container to a hazardous waste treatment facility that can handle damaged or hazardous batteries.
Conclusion
Safe handling of swollen lithium polymer batteries requires caution, and safety and environmental responsibility should be put first. Isolation, safe operation, proper transportation, and utilization of recycling programs are key steps to prevent accidents, avoid environmental pollution, and prevent personal injury. Always follow the recommended guidelines, and seek professional help if you have any doubts about handling damaged batteries.
As a company specializing in the research and development and production of lithium batteries, CHUNQU Battery always regards environmental protection as a top priority. Adhering to the principle of quality first, we are committed to creating lithium battery products with higher safety and sealing. Through unremitting efforts, we ensure that all kinds of terminal equipment are provided with more powerful, stable and reliable power support, helping them to operate efficiently in different fields, and also contributing to the promotion of green and sustainable development of the industry.
